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No chapter abstract available.

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Food scientists, nutritionists, and food processors are interested in dietary fiber because of their role in promoting health through illness prevention and control. Dietary fiber has been related to a lower incidence of colon cancer, gastrointestinal problems, type 2 diabetes, and coronary heart disease. Dietary fibers are a significant segment of the functional foods market due to their health benefits. Soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber are the two types of dietary fiber classified by their water solubility. β-glucan, pectin, gums, and insulin are examples of soluble dietary fibers, while cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, cutin, suberin, chitin, chitosan, and starch are examples of insoluble dietary fibers. In general, dietary fiber sources contain both types of dietary fiber, but in different proportions. Cereals, legumes, fruits, and vegetables are excellent sources of dietary fiber. Dietary fiber physicochemical qualities are linked to physiological functions in human metabolism and play a significant role in their functionality. Solubility, 4viscosity, water-holding, binding capacity, fermentability, mineral, and bile acid binding ability, oil-binding ability, particle size, and porosity are all essential features of dietary fibers. Dietary fiber classification, physiological features, and food sources are reviewed in this chapter.

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Dietary fibers play a crucial role to modulate immunity and thus create a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity (Jarouliya & Keservani, 2019), and cancer. The most likely performance that is getting increasingly attention is fibers part in immune health. Global consumption of dietary fibers is projected to reach $21,672.9 million by 2030. Various industries, including pharmaceutical, animal feed, and cosmetics, increasingly use 50dietary fibers, which accelerates the global dietary fiber market’s growth. The globalization of the population and the international trade of food will benefit health-conscious citizens around the world in regards to traditional Indian and Ayurvedic health foods and nutraceuticals.

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Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease marked by elevated blood glucose (or blood sugar) levels. It can harm the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves. Around 422 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes. It is directly responsible for 1.6 million fatalities per year, the majority of whom live in low- and middle-income nations. In recent decades, both the number of cases and the incidence of diabetes have increased considerably. Preventing diabetes requires tight control of blood glucose and insulin levels, as well as systematic infection to retain insulin receptor and pancreatic cell function. This can be achieved by implementing early and long-term lifestyle changes, like changing dietary and physical activity habits to achieve better weight control, when possible, a preferred strategy to pharmacological therapy due to its safety, efficacy, and affordability. The goal of this chapter is to demonstrate how dietary fiber plays a role in diabetes. When dietary fiber is included in a meal, it reduces postprandial glycemic and insulinemic excursions, hence altering plasma lipid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. In comparison to insoluble fiber, Soluble fiber has been demonstrated to be 82more effective at lowering postprandial blood glucose, insulin, and serum lipid levels. The viscosity of dietary fiber is also discovered to play an important role; the higher the viscosity, the bigger the effect. Longer glucose absorption, longer hepatic insulin extraction, enhanced insulin sensitivity at the mobile level, and bile acid binding are some of the probable pathways for metabolic benefits with dietary fiber. In the United Kingdom, Food and Drug Administration and The National Advisory Committee both have advised a daily dietary fiber consumption of 20–35 grams per person.

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Obesity is a multifaceted chronic disease having psychological, social, cultural, genetic, physiological, metabolic, and behavioral causes. Overweight and obesity are on the rise globally, in developing and developed nations. Obesity is primarily treated by calorie restriction and increased physical exercise. Despite eventual weight recovery, dieting as part of a lifestyle change results in long-term weight loss. Intensive behavioral therapy, including nutrition and activity changes, is recommended. Dietary fiber has a number of functions in the body, one of which is to aid in the control of energy intake and the prevention of obesity. Dietary fiber’s distinctive physical and chemical features are linked to its importance in regulating energy intake and obesity development, which aid in early satiety signals and better or prolonged satiety signals. Early satiety signals may be induced by cephalic and gastric phase responses to the bulking effects of dietary fiber on energy density and palatability, whereas viscosity-producing effects of certain fibers may enhance satiety through intestinal phase events related to altered gastrointestinal function and subsequent fat absorption delay. 112Fiber-rich diets, whether obtained through fiber supplementation or highfiber diets or diets that include high-fiber foods, have a lower calorie density than high-fat diets in general. There’s also evidence that women respond better to dietary fiber changes than men. When dietary fiber is provided, obese persons are more inclined to eat less, according to the link between body weight and fiber’s effect on energy consumption.

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The purpose of this review is to study the role of dietary fiber in coronary heart disease (CHD). Excessive LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, family records, diabetes, smoking are the chance 142factors for CHD. Nutritional fibers are not digested by humans however they have a sequence of metabolic health advantages. Soluble and Insoluble are two major kinds of nutritional fiber. From these kinds of soluble dietary fiber is beneficial in the control of Coronary heart ailment. Soluble fiber assists lower general blood cholesterol levels by using lowering lowdensity lipoprotein, or “bad,” levels of cholesterol. Studies additionally have proven that excessive-fiber meals may additionally produce other coronary heart health advantages, such as decreasing blood strain and irritation. Diverse mechanisms suggested with the aid of scientists which depends at the metabolic stage, dietary fiber, slows down gastric emptying and intestinal transit, decreases the price of intestinal carbohydrate absorption, and increases fecal bile acid excretion. Observational epidemiological evidence consistently demonstrates lower incidence of CHD and other long-term diseases among those with the highest intake of fruits, vegetables, and grains. Such a dietary pattern appears to offer protective effects that transcend lipid lowering and overall is typically lower in total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol.

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Dietary fiber comprise of indigestible forms of carbohydrate, generally as polysaccharides that derives from plant-based products. Many studies have reported that people on high fiber diet have reduced risks of certain diseases such as cancers, cardiovascular disease, weight gain, and possibly diabetes. The gut microflora functions as a principal mediator of the advantageous effects of dietary fiber, such as the appetite regulation, processes of metabolism and persistent inflammatory pathways. The fiber rich diet such as vegetable, cereals, nuts, and fruits have a positive impact on health because consumption of fiber leads to reduced occurrence of several diseases. This chapter covers in detail the review about beneficial effect of dietary fibers in different diseases like constipation, loose motion, inflammatory bowel diseases, hiatal hernias, gastroesophageal reflux disease, Barrett’s esophagus, diverticular disease, hemorrhoids, peptic ulcer, gastritis, celiac disease, irritable bowel syndrome, gallstone, and colon cancer. It also covers in detail about additional benefits of a high-fiber diet, how to increase high fiber diet, disadvantages of high fiber diet care to be taken after side effects and marketed products like Nutrova functional fiber, Organic whole husk 164psyllium, Actifiber, Celevida, Prohance D, D-Protin, Nimbose, Tummycool powder, Pro360 NutriFiber, Rohn Fiber supplement, Vidaslim, Nutricology Dietary Fiber Cellulose Powder, Urban Platter Oats Fiber Powder, Inulin dietary fiber, Naturolax-A, 1 mg high fiber, AcuraglobeFiber-S for Gastrointestinal Health, Activated Fiber 90 Tablets, Benefiber Prebiotic Fiber Supplement, Pro360 NutriFiber, Water Soluble Fiber, Health Drink Powder.

Pages: 196

No chapter abstract available.

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The nutrients that may not be consumed in sufficient amounts are delivered by food supplements, often referred to as dietary supplements. Food supplements are available in different dosage forms like tablets, capsules, liquid, etc., and mainly contain minerals, vitamins, amino acids, and other components. The market for healthy food supplements was approximated to be worth USD 310.4 billion in 2020 and is predicted to further grow at a rate of 6.2% per year. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic has developed awareness among consumers regarding the importance of health. Thus, customers are purchasing nutrition supplements to boost their overall health. The World Health Organization (WHO) states that taking dietary supplements and eating a nutritious diet is very much important for boosting the immune system and key approach for a successful recovery from various illnesses, including COVID-19 infection.

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Diabetes mellitus is one of the prevailing metabolic disorders affecting globally. The current data says around 422 million people are affected with diabetes globally and this fact of global spreading is very well understood by the recognized institutions such as WHO, USDA, IDF, and CDA. Prediabetes, type 1, type 2, gestational diabetes, and other specific etiologic types are a few important classes of diabetes with urbanization, lifestyle, and genetic susceptibility as the main cause. Diet and supplements had a great role in prevention as well as management of diabetes, even the long-term complications of diabetes can be prevented or delayed. The common dietary supplements recommended in diabetes are micronutrients, antioxidants, dietary fibers, vitamins, and phyto foods. The details of all these dietary materials beneficial in diabetes along with examples, source, role, mechanism, and other recent research are explained in the chapter.

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The goal of using food supplements and many nutraceuticals is to regulate body weight. A recent analysis looked at the most common weight-loss supplements, categorizing them by the major effects for which they were studied. The effects of these drugs on the intestinal flora, whether direct or indirect, may also contribute to their effectiveness. New eating habits, as well as current production and consumption patterns, have an impact on one’s health, the environment, and society. Obesity, osteoporosis, cancer, diabetes, allergies, and dental disorders affect the majority of the world’s population. In addition, developed countries face issues such as aging populations, high-energy foods, and imbalanced diets. The use of food supplements in the prevention and treatment of health disorders, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract. Due to its involvement in nutritional, immunologic, and physiological processes, certain components of the gut microflora play a role in the host’s health. The studies on food intake and weight control are summarized in this chapter, with a focus on diet recommendations that can help prevent obesity and its further complications.

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A “food supplement” is a component intended to replenish food that includes or contains one or more of the nutritional components listed below. Except for therapeutic supplements, dietary supplements are considered food under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994. Cancer patients should make sure they are eating healthily and maintaining a healthy weight. Good nutrition is especially important because the disease and its therapies might alter an eating habit. Most dietary guidelines emphasize eating a variety of vegetables, fruits, and whole-grain products. Oxidative damage generated by chemotherapy in cancer patients may be protected by the use of antioxidants. Antioxidants interact with free radicals and neutralize them, preventing them from causing harm to others. There is controversy over whether antioxidants should be used in combination with chemotherapy. The relationship between antioxidants and chemotherapy mostly depends on whether the patient is undergoing antioxidant therapy, such as antioxidant therapy or immuno-on-antibody therapy. In people with some forms of cancer, more antioxidants can protect normal tissue without compromising tumor control. Protein is an essential nutrient that aids in growth, tissue repair, and immune system health. Cancer 274patients require more protein than usual to mend tissues and fight infections. Some dietary supplements can help reduce the risk of some diseases. As long as they don’t take too much, the majority of people can consume supplements without harm. However, they are not risk-free and can have adverse effects, particularly for those receiving cancer treatment. Supplements and drugs used before and after surgery may interact.

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has overcome as the top cause of mortality worldwide, and it is an increasing public health concern. Dietary variables are crucial in the etiology of CVD and may influence CVD risk to a great extent, although they have received much less attention. The preventive benefits of dietary supplements in the prevention of Coronary Heart Disease have sparked a surge of interest. There has been a paradigm shift in nutritional epidemiology in the last decade, with researchers looking at connections between dietary habits and health. Specific dietary methods to address cardiovascular risk factors, such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet and Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes, are based on foodbased principles and have been demonstrated to be beneficial in treating hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, respectively. As a result, these diets considerably lower the risk of coronary heart disease. On the impact of foods and dietary supplements on the risk of coronary heart disease, a number of 304reviews and research papers have been published. The function of numerous diets and food supplements in the prevention of coronary heart disease has been discussed here.

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Food is a basic need in our life that provides nutritional benefits and contributes to the maintenance of normal health. In addition to providing essential nutrients, functional foods protect humans from various disorders. The human gastrointestinal system is containing a population of 500–1000 distinct bacteria species in appropriate amount. These foods also help to maintain a healthy gut microbiota and promote health in a variety of ways. A healthy gut microbiota protects against gastrointestinal disorders such as infection and inflammatory bowel syndromes. Food supplements like probiotics, prebiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids, phytochemicals, and micronutrients play an important role in maintaining normal gastrointestinal microflora. Probiotics prevent and treat a wide range of gastrointestinal problems, including antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Prebiotics are indigestible dietary substances that improve the health and well-being of the hosts by stimulating the growth, composition, and activity of microflora in the gastrointestinal system. In this chapter, we have described the role of various dietary food supplement that helps in maintaining of normal gut health.

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Colorectal cancer havoc is difficult to handle by the medical team and difficult to tolerate by the patients as it surpasses extremes of associated symptoms. It is always better to prevent the occurrence, but lifestyle changes have worsened the scenario. This chapter attempts to discuss the risk factors for the development of colon cancer, symptoms, and detection, as well as diagnosis methods for understanding the criticalities and role of dietary fiber in colon cancer. It also covers the different dietary fibers, and their role in preventive and therapeutic segments. Subsequently, HELGA cohort case study and research outcomes are outlined to conclude that the dietary fibers are effective in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

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No chapter abstract available.

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The word ‘botanicals’ is not a new term; everyone is very familiar with it. The difference is only that now it is not limited to just plant and their parts, but it includes plant constituents, plant preparations, secretions, and plant extractives too in the form of medicines, supplements, and formulations. So, with the advancements, the term botanicals is becoming wider and is used for various health, nutrition, and medicinal purposes. Botanicals are widely available in form of dietary supplements and have the benefit to supplement the diet with health benefits. These are easily available and are free from FDA regulations because these are included in the food category. Dietary supplements include various nutritional ingredients such as minerals, vitamins, proteins, amino acids, enzymes, herbs, herb extract, etc., and are available in all types of oral formulations. Many botanicals like Spirulina, Fenugreek, Soybean, Green tea, Flaxseed, Ginseng, Ginkgo, Garlic, and Echinacea role have been defined as dietary supplements. Likewise, dietary fibers are also very essential in our daily diet for improved digestion and a healthy body. The main applications of dietary fibers include maintenance 386of healthy weight, decreasing the risk of coronary heart disease, obesity, diabetes, and lowering the cholesterol level with a healthy digestive system. The botanicals which are rich in fiber are fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and dry fruits. These all are natural and generally have no side effects but care should be taken regarding the quality and quantity of any nature.

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This chapter provides a short review of the main regulations concerning food supplements and dietary fibers set out by the different regulating authorities across the globe. Indian Food and Drug Administration (FDA), US FDA, European Commission, and other agencies are involved in the health and food safety authorities such as Health Canada and the US continue to develop and implement regulations aimed at ensuring consumer access to safe and effective products. A comparison between the US, EU, and other regulations, their acceptance and impact on the market is presented, together with a final suggestion to enhance the future development and distribution of functional products, which belong to an equivocal area between food and drugs. This Springer Brief aims to review and discuss the many current statutes and regulations addressing dietary ingredients, manufacturing standards, safety, labeling, and claims, all of which promote the safe use of dietary supplements and preserve continued consumer access.